Sonntag, 17. Januar 2016

The "Slave Trade" Aspect



Slave Traders from Goreé Island Senegal
Painting from Jacques Grasset de Saint Sauveur 18th Century
Source : Wikipedia



Slavery is an phenomenon that probably during whole mankinds history has existed. Victims of civil combat or military defeats often have been submited to slavery by their subjugators until they regained the strength to abolish their terroristic supressors regimes. But a singular and historically limited phenomenon was the organized slave trade that emerged with the intercontinental navigation and the world wide operating Trade Companies around 1400 D.C. and lasted until the victories of the political liberal parts of the european societies, primarily the French Revolution from 1848, even if in singular aspects open and legally fundamented slavery still was existing until 20th century. 

Sending a ship to an overseas expedition was expensive and during decades with unestablished mechandize product exchange the return voyage with cargo not always was guaranteed. Independent operating ship crews as "stronger" components so sometimes trapped "weaker" human beeings and transported them to countries and areas with colonization projects where a great demand for human working power existed. Then by selling the humans to their new contractors the ship realized profit. So far the economical logic of the raising legal slave trade practized by states as USA, Netherlands, Brandenburg, France, Portugal, Sweden and Denmark (Source : Wikipedia) until it´s legal abolition.


Abolition of Slavery in the French Colonies 1848 
Painting of Auguste François Biard, 1849
Source : Wikipedia



Besides the literally "Slave Trade" that required the execution of force, violence and repression against the traded objects, that where moved against their own will and decision towards alien regions and forced to submit themselves without self-determination to unprivileged working conditions parallel to the lack of civil citizens rights existed also the organized migration support by the shipping companies for ethnic groups to resettle in more favorable and prosperous living conditions in other world areas. For that reason from case to case must be considered that not every ship transport with humans to other continents was necessarily against the will of the transported people. Persecuted ethnic groups supressed by their neighbours that ethnically have been more near to them, than the europeans, sometimes accepted voluntarily to be moved towards America or other destinies by ships of the East- or Westindia Companies.

But that "normal" migration in search of better destinies or living conditions distinguishes crass from the excesses that became reason for the political changes in Europe during the 19th century. This cleavage in european societies between humanistic and imperial thinking population sectors led to the development of two distinct parallel ideologies that considered one the oversea countries as own territory with the everlasting target to conquer and control completely these areas meanwhile the other searches the coexistence with and acceptance by the overseas cultures and societies.

Between 1400 and 1850 every harbour and every tradepost outside of Europe was a potential slavetrade site. In contemporary publications the term slavetrade that includes the translocation of the traded person to an alien country is often confused with the term of female trafficking that is and was a "normal" phenomenon in every harbour town that accompanies shipping and laboral movements of mostly male ship crews. Female trafficking often developed parallel to slave trade stationary besides periodic anchoring places of ships. Organized female trafficking in harbour towns often probably became the inducement for forced or violent relocations of parts of the native population related to the sexual active womans and was so a "motor" of later slave trade.



The "House of Slaves" on Goreé Island
Maison de la signare Anna Colas à Gorée painted by Adolphe d'Hastrel de Rivedoux en 1839
Source : Wikipedia




Comparative architecture: The interior of Fort Estrées on Goreé Island 
Source : yann55 - google panoramio

  


Comparative architecture: The interior of Fort Estrées on Goreé Island 







Literature Add:


Referring to the upside mentioned citation in paragraph 9 "Obama visit June 27. 2013" here are repeated the mentioned screenshots about the following TV News report mentioned (Toxic Water in Flint) that was later exchanged on the referring abc-news webpage to a report about Sarah Palin.










 



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